JWH-018 (1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole, NA-PIMO or AM-678) is an analgesic chemical from the naphthoylindole family that acts as a full agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, with some selectivity for CB2. It produces effects in animals similar to those of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a cannabinoid naturally present in cannabis, leading to its use as synthetic cannabinoid products that, in some countries, are sold legally as "incense blends".
As a full agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, this chemical compound is classified as an analgesic medication. The analgesic effects of cannabinoid ligands, mediated by CB1 receptors are well established in treatment of neuropathic pain, as well as cancer pain and arthritis.
These compounds work by mimicking the body's naturally-produced endocannabinoid hormones such as 2-AG and anandamide (AEA), which are biologically active and can exacerbate or inhibit nerve signaling. As the cause is poorly understood in chronic pain states, more research and development must be done before the therapeutic potential of this class of biologic compounds can be realized.
Safety at a Glance
High Risk- General Principles
- Start low, go slow: Always begin with a low dose, especially with unfamiliar batches or new substances. Individual se...
- Toxicity: The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational JWH-018 use do not seem to have been studied in any scienti...
- Overdose risk: Fatal overdose from natural cannabis (THC) alone has not been documented. However, synthetic cann...
If someone is in crisis, call 911 or Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222
Dosage
smoked
Duration
smoked
Total: 1 hrs – 2 hrsHow It Feels
JWH-018 holds the distinction of being one of the first synthetic cannabinoids to achieve widespread use, and its effects carry a character that experienced cannabis users describe as both familiar and fundamentally wrong -- like hearing a beloved song performed by a skilled but soulless cover band. The onset after inhalation is swift, arriving within one to five minutes with a head-rushing intensity that overshoots the gentle come-up of natural cannabis by a considerable margin. There is a sudden pressure in the temples, a brightening of the visual field, and a rapid escalation of intoxication that compresses what might be a thirty-minute cannabis come-up into thirty seconds.
At the peak, JWH-018 produces a recognizable cannabinoid state -- red eyes, dry mouth, altered time perception, increased appetite -- but with a potency and edge that natural cannabis rarely achieves. The euphoria is present and can be genuinely pleasant, a warm, floating state that carries the best qualities of a strong cannabis high. Music enhancement is notable, sounds acquiring a richness and dimensionality that can be captivating. There is a dreamy, dissociative quality that allows thoughts to wander along unexpected paths, making connections between ideas that sober cognition would not permit.
However, threading through this familiar warmth is a sharpness that is distinctly synthetic. The heart rate elevation is more pronounced than with cannabis, sometimes dramatically so, the pulse pounding with an urgency that can provoke anxiety even in the context of otherwise pleasant effects. The body load is heavier, the sedation more forceful, carrying a mechanical quality that lacks the organic softness of plant-derived cannabinoids. There is a fragility to the experience -- a sense that the pleasant state is balanced on a knife's edge, that a small increase in dose could tip the scales from enjoyable to overwhelming.
Short-term memory is profoundly impaired, more so than comparable levels of cannabis intoxication. Conversations become impossible to track. Tasks are started and abandoned within seconds. The cognitive disruption has a totality that can be either amusing or frightening depending on the setting and the individual's temperament. Time dilation is extreme, with minutes stretching into subjective hours.
The duration is shorter than smoked cannabis -- one to two hours of peak effects -- and the comedown carries a harder edge. The pleasant warmth drains away relatively quickly, leaving behind a headache, mild nausea, and a fatigue that is less sleepy and more depleted. There may be a residual anxiety, a jangling of the nerves that natural cannabis comedowns rarely produce. The overall impression is of a compound that approximates the cannabis experience with considerable fidelity but cannot quite replicate its warmth, its gentleness, its organic grace.
Subjective Effects
The effects listed below are based on the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal reports and personal analyses. They should be viewed with a healthy degree of skepticism. These effects will not necessarily occur in a predictable or reliable manner, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of effects.
Physical Effects
Physical(19)
- Appetite enhancement— A distinct increase in hunger and desire for food, often accompanied by enhanced enjoyment of taste ...
- Body load— A diffuse, heavy physical discomfort involving tension, pressure, and malaise in the torso and limbs...
- Changes in felt gravity— A distortion of one's proprioceptive sense of gravity in which the perceived direction of gravitatio...
- Decreased blood pressure— Decreased blood pressure (hypotension) is a drop in arterial blood pressure below normal levels, com...
- Dehydration— A state of insufficient bodily hydration manifesting as persistent thirst, dry mouth, and physical d...
- Dizziness— A sensation of spinning, swaying, or lightheadedness that impairs balance and spatial orientation, o...
- Dry mouth— A persistent, uncomfortable reduction in saliva production causing the mouth and throat to feel parc...
- Headache— A painful sensation of pressure, throbbing, or aching in the head that can range from a dull backgro...
- Increased heart rate— A noticeable acceleration of heartbeat that can range from a subtle awareness of one's pulse to a fo...
- Motor control loss— A distinct decrease in the ability to control one's physical body with precision, balance, and coord...
- Nausea— An uncomfortable sensation of queasiness and stomach discomfort that may or may not lead to vomiting...
- Pain relief— A suppression of negative physical sensations such as aches and pains, ranging from dulled awareness...
- Perception of bodily heaviness— Perception of bodily heaviness is the subjective feeling that one's body has become dramatically hea...
- Perception of bodily lightness— Perception of bodily lightness is the subjective feeling that one's body has become dramatically lig...
- Physical euphoria— An intensely pleasurable bodily sensation that can manifest as waves of warmth, tingling electricity...
- Sedation— A state of deep physical and mental calming that manifests as a progressive desire to remain still, ...
- Seizure— Uncontrolled brain electrical activity causing convulsions and loss of consciousness -- a life-threa...
- Stimulation— A state of heightened physical and mental energy characterized by increased wakefulness, elevated mo...
- Vasodilation— Vasodilation is the relaxation and widening of blood vessels, leading to increased blood flow, reduc...
Cognitive & Perceptual Effects
Visual(2)
- Colour enhancement— An intensification of the brightness, vividness, and saturation of colors in the external environmen...
- Geometry— The experience of perceiving complex, ever-shifting geometric patterns superimposed over the visual ...
Cognitive(17)
- Analysis suppression— Analysis suppression is a cognitive impairment in which the capacity for logical reasoning, critical...
- Anxiety— Intense feelings of apprehension, worry, and dread that can range from a subtle background unease to...
- Conceptual thinking— A shift in the nature of thought from verbal, linear sentence structures to intuitive, non-linguisti...
- Depersonalization— A detachment from one's own sense of self, body, or mental processes, as if observing oneself from o...
- Derealization— A perceptual disturbance in which the external world feels profoundly unreal, dreamlike, or artifici...
- Dream suppression— Dream suppression is a decrease in the intensity, frequency, and recollection of dreams — ranging fr...
- Feelings of impending doom— Feelings of impending doom is the sudden onset of an overwhelming, visceral certainty that something...
- Immersion enhancement— A heightened capacity to become fully absorbed and engrossed in external media such as music, films,...
- Memory suppression— A dose-dependent inhibition of one's ability to access and utilize short-term and long-term memory, ...
- Music appreciation enhancement— A profound enhancement of one's enjoyment and emotional connection to music, making songs feel deepl...
- Panic attack— A panic attack is a discrete episode of acute, overwhelming fear or terror that arises suddenly and ...
- Paranoia— Irrational suspicion and belief that others are watching, plotting against, or intending harm toward...
- Psychosis— Psychosis is a serious psychiatric state involving a fundamental break from consensus reality — char...
- Thought connectivity— A state in which disparate thoughts, concepts, and ideas become fluidly and spontaneously interconne...
- Thought deceleration— The experience of thoughts occurring at a markedly reduced pace, as if the mind has been placed into...
- Thought loops— Becoming trapped in a repeating cycle of thoughts, actions, and emotions that loops every few second...
- Time distortion— Subjective perception of time becomes dramatically altered — minutes may feel like hours, or hours p...
Pharmacology
JWH-018 is a full agonist of both the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, with a reported binding affinity of 9.00 ± 5.00 nM at CB1 and 2.94 ± 2.65 nM at CB2. However, the role of these interactions and how it results in the cannabinoid high experience continues to remain elusive.
- Combinations
- Psychedelics** - When used in combination with psychedelics, cannabinoids are capable of intensifying and extending the duration of both the visual and cognitive effects with extreme efficiency. This should be used with caution if one is not experienced with psychedelics.
- Dissociatives** - When used in combination with dissociatives, the geometry, euphoria, dissociation and hallucinatory effects are often greatly enhanced.
- Alcohol** - When used in combination with alcohol, cannabinoids can cause feelings of extreme nausea, dizziness and changes in gravity. It is recommended that one smoke before drinking and not the other way around unless they are extremely cautious.
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational JWH-018exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because the drug has very little history of human usage.
JWH-018, like many synthetic cannabinoids, is a full agonist of the CB1 receptors in contrast to the partial agonist Δ9-THC. Because of this, harm mediated by CB1 receptor agonism can be more severe than its partial agonist counterparts. JWH-018 has caused seizures and convulsions, and evidence suggests this is a result of inhibiting GABA neurotransmission more effectively than Δ9-THC. JWH-018 has also been associated with strokes in two healthy adults.
JWH-018 has also been known to exacerbate pre-existing psychological disorders causing intense paranoia, anxiety and agitation; however, Δ9-THC itself has been known to do this as well. It is often recommended that those with severe pre-existing mental conditions should not ingest these substances due to the way they strongly increase the current state of mind of the person. Also, like THC, prolonged usage of synthetic cannabinoids may increase one's disposition to mental illness and psychosis, especially in vulnerable individuals with risk factors for psychotic illnesses (like a past or family history of psychosis).
Austria: The Austrian Ministry of Health announced on December 18, 2008 that Spice would be controlled under paragraph 78 of their drug law on the grounds that it contains an active substance that affects the functions of the body, and the legality of JWH-018 is under review. JWH-018 is now illegal to possess, produce and sell under the NPSG (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz Österreich).
Belarus: This substance was banned on January 1, 2010.
Brazil: Possession, production and sale is illegal as it is listed on Portaria SVS/MS nº 344.
Canada: JWH-018 is claimed to be a controlled substance in Canada though it is not listed under schedule 2 synthetic cannabinoids.
China: China has made JWH-018 illegal for sale. It is illegal to import or export JWH-018.
Estonia: JWH-018 is controlled under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act as of July 24, 2009.
Finland: This substance was banned on March 12, 2012.
France: JWH-018 is a controlled substance under Annexe IV as of February 24, 2009.
Germany: JWH-018 is controlled under Anlage II BtMG (Narcotics Act, Schedule II) as of January 22, 2009. It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.
Ireland: An immediate ban was announced on May 11, 2010 by Minister for Health Mary Harney.
Italy: This substance was banned on July 2, 2010.
Latvia: JWH-018 is a controlled substance as of November 28, 2009.
Lithuania: JWH-018 is a controlled substance as of May 27, 2009.
Luxembourg: JWH-018 is a controlled substance as of May 4, 2009.
Norway: This substance was banned on December 21, 2011.
Poland: JWH-018 is a controlled substance as of May 8, 2009.
Romania: This substance was banned on February 15, 2010.
Russia: This substance was banned on January 22, 2010.
South Korea: This substance was banned on July 1, 2009.
Sweden: A bill to ban JWH-018 was accepted on July 30, 2009 and entered into force on September 15, 2009.
Switzerland: JWH-018 is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis D.
Turkey:** JWH-018 is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.
Ukraine: This substance was banned on May 31, 2010.
United Kingdom: This substance was banned on December 23, 2009.
United States: This substance was permanently scheduled on July 9, 2012 by Section 1152 of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA).
Responsible use
THJ-018
Synthetic cannabinoid
JWH-018 (Wikipedia)
JWH-018 (Isomer Design)
JWH-018 (Drugs-Forum)
Detection Methods
Standard Drug Panel Inclusion
JWH-018 is a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist that is not detected on standard 5-panel drug screens. Standard THC immunoassays target 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THC-COOH), the primary metabolite of delta-9-THC, and do not cross-react with synthetic cannabinoids. Some expanded drug panels (12-panel or custom panels) include a synthetic cannabinoid channel, but coverage of specific compounds varies widely between manufacturers.
Urine Detection
JWH-018 and its metabolites can be detected in urine for approximately 2 to 5 days after a single use, though chronic heavy use can extend this window to 7 or more days. Synthetic cannabinoids undergo extensive hepatic metabolism, primarily via hydroxylation and carboxylation, producing metabolites that are excreted in urine as glucuronide conjugates. The specific metabolite profile varies by compound and is a key factor in whether a given immunoassay can detect JWH-018.
Blood and Saliva Detection
Blood concentrations of JWH-018 decline rapidly after use, with a detection window of approximately 12 to 48 hours for the parent compound. Metabolites may persist longer. Oral fluid testing can detect parent compound and early metabolites for approximately 24 to 48 hours, and some roadside testing devices include synthetic cannabinoid panels.
Hair Follicle Detection
Hair follicle analysis can detect synthetic cannabinoids for up to 90 days. However, incorporation rates and detectability vary by compound. Some laboratories offer expanded hair panels that include common synthetic cannabinoids such as JWH-018 and AB-FUBINACA metabolites, but coverage of newer compounds including JWH-018 may be limited.
Confirmatory Testing
LC-MS/MS is the preferred confirmatory method for synthetic cannabinoids. The structural diversity and rapid evolution of this substance class means that reference standards must be available for the specific compound under investigation. GC-MS can also be used but LC-MS/MS offers superior sensitivity and specificity for the typically low concentrations encountered. Both parent compound and key metabolites should be targeted.
Reagent Testing
Standard reagent tests (Marquis, Mecke, Mandelin) are generally uninformative for synthetic cannabinoids, as these compounds are typically applied to herbal material at very low concentrations and produce no characteristic color reactions. Visual inspection and reagent testing cannot distinguish treated herbal material from untreated plant matter. Immunoassay-based test strips specific to synthetic cannabinoids are available from some harm reduction suppliers and represent a more practical point-of-use screening option.
Interactions
| Substance | Status | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 1,3-Butanediol | Caution | Cannabis can unpredictably intensify psychedelic effects and increase anxiety |
| 25E-NBOH | Caution | Cannabis can unpredictably intensify psychedelic effects and increase anxiety |
| 2C-T | Caution | Cannabis can unpredictably intensify psychedelic effects and increase anxiety |
| 2C-T-2 | Caution | Cannabis can unpredictably intensify psychedelic effects and increase anxiety |
| 2C-T-21 | Caution | Cannabis can unpredictably intensify psychedelic effects and increase anxiety |
| 25x-NBOMe | Uncertain | — |
| 2C-T-x | Uncertain | — |
| 2C-x | Uncertain | — |
| Cocaine | Uncertain | — |
| DMT | Uncertain | — |
History
JWH-018 is related to the cannabinoid class of substances, which includes compounds that interact with the endocannabinoid system.
The use of cannabis by humans dates back at least 5,000 years, with evidence of both medicinal and recreational use across diverse cultures. The primary psychoactive constituent, THC, was first isolated and synthesized by Raphael Mechoulam and Yechiel Gaoni in 1964, leading to the eventual discovery of the endocannabinoid system in the 1990s.
The identification of the cannabinoid receptors (CB1 in 1990, CB2 in 1993) and endogenous cannabinoids (anandamide in 1992, 2-AG in 1995) revealed a major neuromodulatory system with roles in pain, mood, appetite, memory, and immune function. This discovery has driven both pharmaceutical development and the expanding legal cannabis market.
Synthetic cannabinoids, first developed for research purposes, have emerged as a significant public health concern due to their unpredictable potency and adverse effect profiles.
Harm Reduction
General Principles
- Start low, go slow: Always begin with a low dose, especially with unfamiliar batches or new substances. Individual sensitivity varies enormously.
- Test your substances: Use reagent test kits to verify identity and check for dangerous adulterants. Consider using drug checking services where available.
- Research thoroughly: Understand expected dose ranges, duration, potential interactions, and contraindications before use.
- Never use alone: Have a trusted, sober person present, especially with new substances or higher doses.
- Set and setting: Your mindset and environment profoundly influence the experience. Choose a safe, comfortable environment and ensure you're in a stable psychological state.
JWH-018-Specific Harm Reduction
- Synthetic cannabinoid caution: Synthetic cannabinoids are far more potent and dangerous than natural cannabis. Doses effective for one batch may be lethal with another. Start with the absolute minimum amount.
- Edible dosing: Edibles take 1-2 hours for full onset. Do not redose during this window. Start with 5mg THC or less if inexperienced.
- Anxiety management: If cannabis causes anxiety or paranoia, try a lower dose, a different strain/ratio, or consider whether cannabis use is right for you. Having CBD available may help counteract THC-induced anxiety.
- Respiratory health: If smoking, consider switching to a dry herb vaporizer to reduce combustion-related harm. Avoid holding smoke in the lungs (most absorption occurs within seconds).
- Driving: Cannabis impairs reaction time and judgment. Do not drive for at least 3-4 hours after inhalation or 6-8 hours after edible consumption.
Toxicity & Safety
The toxicity and long-term health effects of recreational JWH-018 use do not seem to have been studied in any scientific context and the exact toxic dosage is unknown. This is because the drug has very little history of human usage.
JWH-018, like many synthetic cannabinoids, is a full agonist of the CB1 receptors in contrast to the partial agonist Δ9-THC. Because of this, harm mediated by CB1 receptor agonism can be more severe than its partial agonist counterparts. JWH-018 has caused seizures and convulsions, and evidence suggests this is a result of inhibiting GABA neurotransmission more effectively than Δ9-THC. JWH-018 has also been associated with strokes in two healthy adults.
JWH-018 has also been known to exacerbate pre-existing psychological disorders causing intense paranoia, anxiety and agitation; however, Δ9-THC itself has been known to do this as well. It is often recommended that those with severe pre-existing mental conditions should not ingest these substances due to the way they strongly increase the current state of mind of the person. Also, like THC, prolonged usage of synthetic cannabinoids may increase one's disposition to mental illness and psychosis, especially in vulnerable individuals with risk factors for psychotic illnesses (like a past or family history of psychosis).
It is strongly recommended that one use harm reduction practices when using this drug.
Tolerance and addiction potential
As with other synthetic cannibanoids, the chronic use of JWH-018 can be considered moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse and is capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. When addiction has developed, cravings and withdrawal effects may occur if a person suddenly stops their usage.
Tolerance to many of the effects of JWH-018 develops with prolonged and repeated use. This results in users having to administer increasingly large doses to achieve the same effects. After that, it takes about 3 - 7 days for the tolerance to be reduced to half and 1 - 2 weeks to be back at baseline (in the absence of further consumption). JWH-018 presents cross-tolerance with all cannabinoids, meaning that after the consumption of JWH-018 all cannabinoids will have a reduced effect.
Dangerous interactions
Warning: Many psychoactive substances that are reasonably safe to use on their own can suddenly become dangerous and even life-threatening when combined with certain other substances. The following list provides some known dangerous interactions (although it is not guaranteed to include all of them).
Always conduct independent research (e.g. Google, DuckDuckGo, PubMed) to ensure that a combination of two or more substances is safe to consume. Some of the listed interactions have been sourced from TripSit.
5-MeO-xxT
Amphetamines - Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences
aMT
Cocaine - Stimulants increase anxiety levels and the risk of thought loops which can lead to negative experiences
Lithium - Lithium is commonly prescribed in the treatment of bipolar disorder; however, there is a large body of anecdotal evidence that suggests taking it with cannabinoids can significantly increase the risk of psychosis and seizures. As a result, this combination should be strictly avoided.
Addiction Potential
moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse
Overdose Information
Fatal overdose from natural cannabis (THC) alone has not been documented. However, synthetic cannabinoids can cause life-threatening overdose, and even natural cannabis can produce acute medical events requiring attention.
Natural cannabis — acute adverse reactions:
- Severe anxiety/panic attacks
- Transient psychotic episodes (paranoia, hallucinations)
- Vasovagal syncope (fainting)
- Tachycardia (rarely, cardiac events in predisposed individuals)
- Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome (cyclic severe vomiting with chronic heavy use)
Synthetic cannabinoid overdose (medical emergency):
- Seizures, loss of consciousness
- Severe agitation or psychosis
- Chest pain, rapid irregular heartbeat
- Difficulty breathing
- Acute kidney injury
Response: For natural cannabis adverse reactions, reassurance and a calm environment usually suffice ("you're safe, this will pass"). For synthetic cannabinoid emergencies, call emergency services immediately.
Tolerance
| Full | develops with prolonged and repeated use |
| Half | 3 - 7 days |
| Zero | 1 - 2 weeks |
Cross-tolerances
Legal Status
Australia: The State of Queensland has listed JWH-018 as a dangerous drug under Drugs Misuse Regulation 1987. It is schedule 2, the same schedule as cannabis.
Austria: The Austrian Ministry of Health announced on December 18, 2008 that Spice would be controlled under paragraph 78 of their drug law on the grounds that it contains an active substance that affects the functions of the body, and the legality of JWH-018 is under review. JWH-018 is now illegal to possess, produce and sell under the NPSG (Neue-Psychoaktive-Substanzen-Gesetz Österreich).
Belarus: This substance was banned on January 1, 2010.
Brazil: Possession, production and sale is illegal as it is listed on Portaria SVS/MS nº 344.
Canada: JWH-018 is claimed to be a controlled substance in Canada though it is not listed under schedule 2 synthetic cannabinoids.
China: China has made JWH-018 illegal for sale. It is illegal to import or export JWH-018.
Estonia: JWH-018 is controlled under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act as of July 24, 2009.
Finland: This substance was banned on March 12, 2012.
France: JWH-018 is a controlled substance under Annexe IV as of February 24, 2009.
Germany: JWH-018 is controlled under Anlage II BtMG (Narcotics Act, Schedule II) as of January 22, 2009. It is illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license.
Ireland: An immediate ban was announced on May 11, 2010 by Minister for Health Mary Harney.
Italy: This substance was banned on July 2, 2010.
Latvia: JWH-018 is a controlled substance as of November 28, 2009.
Lithuania: JWH-018 is a controlled substance as of May 27, 2009.
Luxembourg: JWH-018 is a controlled substance as of May 4, 2009.
Norway: This substance was banned on December 21, 2011.
Poland: JWH-018 is a controlled substance as of May 8, 2009.
Romania: This substance was banned on February 15, 2010.
Russia: This substance was banned on January 22, 2010.
South Korea: This substance was banned on July 1, 2009.
Sweden: A bill to ban JWH-018 was accepted on July 30, 2009 and entered into force on September 15, 2009.
Switzerland: JWH-018 is a controlled substance specifically named under Verzeichnis D.
Turkey:** JWH-018 is a classed as drug and is illegal to possess, produce, supply, or import.
Ukraine: This substance was banned on May 31, 2010.
United Kingdom: This substance was banned on December 23, 2009.
United States: This substance was permanently scheduled on July 9, 2012 by Section 1152 of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act (FDASIA).
Responsible use
THJ-018
Synthetic cannabinoid
Cannabis
JWH-018 (Wikipedia)
JWH-018 (Isomer Design)
JWH-018 (Drugs-Forum)
Tips (3)
Consider whether the risk of JWH-018 is worth it compared to natural cannabis where available. Synthetic cannabinoids were created to evade drug tests and laws, not because they are better or safer than cannabis.
Synthetic cannabinoids like JWH-018 are far more dangerous than natural cannabis. They are full agonists at CB1 receptors, producing much stronger effects with a higher risk of seizures, psychosis, and organ damage.
Never mix JWH-018 with other substances, especially depressants or stimulants. Synthetic cannabinoids have unpredictable pharmacology and interactions can be severe, including cardiac events and seizures.
See Also
References (3)
- PubChem: JWH-018
PubChem compound page for JWH-018 (CID: 10382701)
pubchem - JWH-018 - TripSit Factsheet
TripSit factsheet for JWH-018
tripsit - JWH-018 - Wikipedia
Wikipedia article on JWH-018
wikipedia